Vivariums;Excidobates captivus

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Distribution
Northwestern Peru, upper Rio Maranon drainage. Type locality is the mouth of Rio Santiago and Rio Maranon, near the Pongo de Manseriche. Recent discoveries have extended the known distribution over 100 km south into the Cordillera del Condor, not far from the type locality of E. mysteriosus. Now known to occur in southern Ecuador. Ranges into highlands up to approximately 600 m elevation.

Natural History
This small species appears to be predominantly terrestrial. Courtship has been observed in the leaf litter, and adults were most frequently found among the leaves or lower understory plants. Tadpoles are transported singly to Heliconia bracts. The habitat of this species is extremely wet and humid.

Conservation Status
Although the distribution of this species is larger than previously thought, it appears to be patchily distributed. Furthermore, this species was smuggled in March 2008 to Germany and was being sold at the Hamm reptile show. We urge people to NOT support smuggling activities and NOT purchase these frogs! There is currently NO LEGAL TRADE of this species!

Notes
This species was originally discovered by Harvey Bassler in the 1920s, who collected three specimens. Myers described these specimens in 1982 as Dendrobates captivus. An expedition in 2006 led to the rediscovery of this species and the first photographs and natural history information. Read about the expedition here.

This species is sister to E. mysteriosus and represents the second species in the newly-described Excidobates. This genus forms a clade sister to Ranitomeya + Andinobates.

Species :

1- Excidobates captivus :

The Santiago poison frog

Myers, 1982

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Excidobates captivus, the Santiago poison frog[3] or Rio Santiago poison frog,[1][2] is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae.[2] It is endemic to northwestern Peru and southern Ecuador. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests.[1] This frog is black with rows of orange-red spots on its back and yellow spots underneath.[3]

Excidobates captivus :

Conservation status :

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]

Scientific classification :

Kingdom:Animalia

Phylum:Chordata

Class:Amphibia

Order:Anura

Family:Dendrobatidae

Genus:Excidobates

Species:E. captivus

Binomial name :

Excidobates captivus
(Myers, 1982)

Synonyms :

Dendrobates captivus Myers, 1982[2]
Adelphobates captivus (Myers, 1982)

Description :

With an adult snout-to-vent length of 15 to 17 mm (0.6 to 0.7 in), Excidobates captivus is a very small species of poison frog. It is black with orange-red splotches arranged in a row down either side of the back. It also has small yellow spots above the armpit and groin and further pale yellow spots beneath the chin and scattered on the chest and belly and under the thighs. The first finger of the forelimb is considerably shorter than the second finger.[3]

Distribution :

Excidobates captivus was first collected in 1929 from the south side of the Marañón River near its confluence with the Santiago River in northwestern Peru, a wet lowland site at an elevation of about 213 m (699 ft). It was rediscovered in the same locality some seventy-seven years later and a single specimen has also been observed on the north side of the Marañón River. It has also been found, at a higher altitude, in the Cordillera del Condor about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Santa Rosa and also near Panguintza in Zamora-Chinchipe Province in southern Ecuador, at an altitude of about 800 m (2,625 ft). The habitat is wet parts of primary forest and areas close to streams.[1][3]

Biology :

Excidobates captivus is a diurnal, terrestrial frog. In the breeding season, the male advertises his presence by calling from hidden positions among low foliage, emitting short "shrieks" at irregular intervals. The eggs may be laid on the forest floor among leaf litter. The tadpoles are transported on the parent's back to phytotelmata, temporary pools of water, and may be deposited in the axils of Heliconia plants.[1][3]

Status :

Excidobates captivus has been little studied but the remote terrain in which it is found means that its habitat is little disturbed. There is some small-scale gold-mining in the area but it is not known whether this affects the frog, the population of which seems stable. The species is common in certain parts of its range and it is thought that its total extent of occurrence may extend to an area of about 7,350 square kilometres (2,840 sq mi). For these reasons, the IUCN lists this frog as being of "least concern".[1]

For the external links , refrences click here to read the full wikipedia article

Video :

Care articles :

1- Excidobates captivus (MYERS 1982)

courtesy to : www.dendrobase.de/index.php

Adventure to Captivus :

In the summer of 2006, a small group of graduate student biologists ventured deep into the Peruvian Rainforest in search of a lost treasure. Shrouded in mystery, 77 years had passed since Dendrobates captivus was last seen.

click here to watch the full videos series

Etymology:

The epithet " captivus " comes from the Latin captare (= catch, grasp, haschen), here in the meaning of "captive" refers primarily to acts of war. The name is based on an incident during the expedition of H ARVEY B ASLER , the collector of the species. In 1924, the expedition at the site of the species witnessed a military expedition of the aborigines of the Aguarunas, who tied two prisoners of the Huambisas tribe in one of their canoes with you. To commemorate these two "unfortunate souls", the epithet " captivus " was chosen for the species name (M YERS 1982).

Synonyms:
Excidobates captivus (Twomey & Brown, 2008)
Adelphobtes captivus (GRANT , FROST , CALDWELL , GAGLIARDO , HADDAD , KOK , MEANS , NOONAN , SCHARGEL & WHEELER , 2006)
Ranitomeya captiva (BAUER , 1988)
Dendrobates captivus (MYERS , 1982)

English name: Rio Santiago Poison Frog
German name: Rio Santiago Baumsteiger

Classification:
Amphibia-> Anura-> Dendrobatoidea-> Dendrobatidae-> Dendrobatinae-> Excidobates -> Excidobates captivus (M YERS 1982)

size

Very small Excidobates style.

Dorsal and ventral view Excidobates captivus

Type find location of the first description

'' Mouth of the Río Santiago, 177 m altitude, Department of Amazonas, Peru. Río Santiago flows into the Río Marañón at about 4 ° 26' S, 77 ° 38' W. ''

Distribution:

Peru, Department of Amazonas, at the mouth of the Río Santiago in the Río Marañón

Attitude in the Vivarium :

This species is Not availkable in the Pet market

Morphs :

1- The standard morph :

2- Nangaritza :