The genus Adelphobates was founded in 2006 by GRANT ETAL . established. The species contained in it were spun off from the former large genus Dendrobates . The type species of the genus is Dendrobates castaneoticus CALDWELL & MYERS , 1990. The genus name Adelphobates comes from the Greek adelphos (= twin, brother) and refers to the decade-long scientific "brotherhood" of CHARLES W. MYERS and JOHN W. DALY and is thus  dedication sname in honor of the two researchers. Within the family Dendrobatidae the genus stands as independent clade in the subfamily Dendrobatinae C OPE , 1865 together with the sister genus Dendrobates W AGLER , 1830 and Oophaga B AUER , 1994 beside the other kinds Minyobates M YERS , 1982, PhyllobatesD UMERIL & B IBRON , 1841 and Ranitomeya B AUER , 1988. The demarcation to the other genera took place at G RANT ET AL . mainly due synapomorph he genetic characteristics. common morphological Characteristics are the brightly colored clutches and larvae, although some species of the family Ranitomeya have such bright eggs (Vanzolinii clade) and so it is more likely to plesiomorphic e features trades.  ethologicallye Similarities can be found in the structure of the  Anzeigeruf it. Currently, the family includes three types: A. castaneoticus, A. galactonotus and A. quinquevittatusthat form a genetically well-defined monophyletic clade to all other types (G RANT ET AL 2006 V. Ences ET AL ., 2003) All types of Genus were formerly placed to other relatives circles. S ILVERSTONE (1975) saw in many small species of Amazonia only populations of a single polymorphic species, which he calls Dendrobates quinquevittatusdesignated. However, several morphological features of some populations and ethological differences in call and brood care behavior have led to doubts. Some of these populations have therefore been recaptured and joined together in the " Dendrobates quinquevittatus group" (M YERS , 1982). As D. quinquevittatus were falsely called many different populations from Peru and Ecuador, which obviously also represented several species. The taxon Dendrobates quinquevittatus  sl was therefore considered temporarily as a collection for many small Amazonian species. C ALDWELL ET AL . (1990) were able to re-describe the true D. quinquevittatus  ss ( Adelphobates quinquevittatus ) whose dissemination further limit and show the existing confusion. C ALDWELL 's D. quinquevittatus ss (type finder : Rondônia, Brazil) differed both ethologically and morphologically significantly from the populations of Peru and Ecuador previously known as D. quinquevittatus sl. For these populations, the species D. ventrimaculatus sl was again raised to the rank (see also overview Ranitomeya ). Adelphobates castaneoticus has been described as D. castaenoticus in the course of this description . C ALDWELLput this type due to common features of the drawing and the brood as Schwesternart in a common close relationship with D. quinquevittatus ss The three types D. quinquevittatus, D. castaneoticus and ventrimaculatus D. but were still in the so-called " Dendrobates quinquevittatus - group "Classified as a common relationship was adopted. Genetic studies by V ENCES ET AL . (2003), however, identified separate lineages for the Peruvian species around D. ventrimaculatus and the Brazilian species for D. quinquevittatus . At the same time, their studies surprisingly showed for the three speciesD. quinquevittatus, D. castaneoticus and D. galactonotus are closely related. The species D. galactonotus ( Adelphobates galactonotus ) has so far been included in the " Dendrobates tinctorius " group due to morphological similarities (size) (S ILVERSTONE , 1975). Genetically, however, this group was only a distant relative, as well as the small Amazonian species of the relationship of D. ventrimaculatus, However, this genetic relationship, which at first appears strange from a morphological point of view, has meanwhile also been confirmed by other research groups, and there are also clear similarities between the three species in the pattern and larval morphology and in the call parameters. A division into a separate " Dendrobates quinquevittatus clade" with only these three species was therefore justified. The remaining small Amazonian species have been classified in the new " Dendrobates ventrimaculatus clade" because there is no closer relationship between the species of both clades. In the course of the revision of G RANT ET AL . (2006) further emphasized the independent development of both clans byDendrobates ventrimaculatus - Klade "the genus Ranitomeya B AUER was again raised in 1986 and the new genus Adelphobates was established for the" Dendrobates quinquevittatus - Klade " .